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I CSN costituiscono l'ambito scientifico che offre al personale di ricerca l’opportunità di presentare, discutere e condividere le attività di ricerca, i progetti e le istanze di interesse per l’Ente e le proposte di utilizzo scientifico/tecnologico delle grandi infrastrutture.
Il CSN5, rispondendo alle esigenze di creare maggiori occasioni di dialogo e di networking e di mettere a fattor comune le esperienze maturate in settori strategici del nostro ente, organizza per la fine di giugno il "Forum della Ricerca Sperimentale e Tecnologica in INAF", evento annunciato lo scorso Ottobre.
L'evento proposto vuole essere un'occasione per incrementare la reciproca conoscenza delle attività tecnologiche condotte nelle diverse strutture INAF e per favorire discussioni, scambi, sinergie, a vantaggio della progettualità presente e futura anche a supporto delle attività che saranno finanziate dal PNRR.
Le audizioni avute lo scorso anno in vista della stesura del PTA hanno avuto il grande vantaggio di mostrare le eccellenze e i progetti di punta nell’ambito della ricerca sperimentale. Tuttavia l'organizzazione stessa delle audizioni non ha potuto dare spazio alla necessaria discussione e presentazione stessa di molteplici esperienze in settori affini con l’approfondimento di aspetti tecnologici e creazioni delle sinergie, che invece vuole essere il primo obiettivo del forum.
L'evento vuole essere quindi un momento di confronto per tutta la comunità, con il coinvolgimento di tutte le sedi e delle grandi infrastrutture INAF, e per chiunque in INAF sia interessato alle tematiche del Forum, anche a prescindere dall’afferenza ai singoli RSN.
The European Solar Telescope (EST) project is aimed at the realization of a solar telescope with a 4.2 m primary mirror and on-axis Gregorian configuration optimized for spectropolarimetric investigation of the solar plasma. EST uses the most innovative technological advances: the first adaptive secondary mirror ever used in a solar telescope, a complex multi-conjugated adaptive optics with deformable mirrors that form part of the optical design, a polarimetrically compensated telescope design, innovative internal seeing mitigation techniques (Heat Rejecter based on Multiple Impingement), and a suite of focal plane instruments containing Tunable Imaging Spectropolarimeters and Integral Field Unit Spectropolarimeters operating simultaneously for high-cadence observations in the 390-2300 nm range. Since 2016 EST is included in the ESFRI Roadmap as one of the scientific infrastructures considered strategic for Europe.
The Interferometric BIdimensional Spectrometer IBIS 2.0 instrument combines two tunable Fabry-Pérot interferometers, narrowband interference filters, a polarimetric unit, and a proper instrument control to perform high-resolution solar spectro-polarimetric observations with short exposures and high cadence. IBIS 2.0 is planned to enter operation over the spectral range 580-860 nm at the Teide Observatory in 2023. We present the final layout adopted for IBIS 2.0 and for its polarimetric unit, which is realized with Liquid Crystals Variable Retarders and a Wollaston prism acting as a Polarizing Beam Splitter. We also present the Control System of IBIS 2.0, which is based on Beckhoff PLC and ESO VLT Control Software to allow for automated and remote operations of IBIS 2.0.
Authors: Giorgio Viavattene, Ilaria Ermolli, Roberto Cirami, Giorgio Calderone, Dario Del Moro, Paolo Romano, Matteo Aliverti, Veronica Baldini, Fabrizio Giorgi, Fernando Pedichini, Igor Coretti, Paolo Di Marcantonio, Luca Giovannelli, Salvatore Luigi Guglielmino, Mariarita Murabito, Luca Oggioni, Maurizio Oliviero, Roberto Piazzesi, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli
IXPE is a NASA SMEX mission devoted to the measurement of the X-ray polarisation of Astrophysical sources and was launched on 9 December 2021. INAF, INFN and ASI contributed the focal plane Instrument of IXPE, NASA MSFC managed the mission and manufactured the telescopes, Ball Aerospace is the satellite prime contractor. IXPE was in Phase D when the COVID pandemic started in spring 2020, the borders shut and international travelling stopped. We had to replan the satellite AIV, environmental tests and telescope calibration due to the restrictions in place. As a solution, we assembled working teams composed of U.S. and Italian personnel to adapt the test procedures to the new condition and to train the NASA and Ball Aerospace personnel to conduct the tests on-site. Similarly, we organised on-line courses and rehearsals to train the satellite operators before launch. In this poster we describe the operative solutions found to overcome the COVID restrictions and successfully complete the activities described above, and the lessons learned from this experience.
The Atmospheric Remote-Sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large Survey (Ariel) will be an Optical / Infrared ESA mission. It will observe ∼ 1000 exoplanets. Ariel will study the chemical composition of their atmospheres and, for a smaller group, will also study the ephemerides.
The leading Italian contribution is the construction of the telescope.
The primary mirror will be an off-axis paraboloid mirror measuring 1.2 x 0.7m.
The novelty of the telescope is that both the mirrors and the telescope structure will be entirely made of aluminum Al6061T651 and the primary mirror surface will bebare aluminum without a thick hard coating.
It is the first time that aluminum will be used to make a mirror the size of Ariel's primary.
The mirror must have a Roughness Sq lower than 10 nm RMS and a Form Error SFE lower than 80nm RMS. New processes are being studied to achieve these values on such a malleable material, particularly the Heat Treatment and Polishing of aluminum. In this Poster, I will show the latest results from mirrors representative of Ariel's primary.
Nel poster presenteremo in dettaglio le attività del laboratorio criogenico per Astrofisica X dell'IAPS. In particolare, mostreremo le specifiche delle facilities criogeniche a disposizione (criostato a diluizione, criostato a demagnetizzazione adiabatica, criostato pulse tube) e l'attività di sviluppo di microcalorimetri a transizione di fase superconduttiva (TES) che stiamo portando avanti nel contesto della missione ATHENA.
Space missions and ground-based facilities collect increasingly huge amounts of data that demand novel approaches to data processing, storage, visualization and finally analysis. Thanks to high precision and high resolution measurements and observations, astronomers will be able to probe the Universe with unprecedented detail. Next-generation facilities, and in particular the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), are expected to increase the volume of data at a rate higher than the ability to analyze them. To facilitate the extraction of meaningful knowledge it becomes necessary to combine data visualization and data analysis. Via Lactea Visual Analytics is a desktop application that offers the Astrophysics and Planetary communities highly interactive visual analytic interfaces enabling effective exploitation of multi-wavelength observations of the Milky Way Galactic Plane, ranging from the near-infrared to the radio spectrum. The tool combines different types of visualization to carry out analysis exploring the correlation between different kind of data, such as 2D intensity images with 3D molecular spectral cubes. It is also coupled with a dedicated data service, namely the ViaLactea Knowledge Base, that provides 2D and 3D (velocity cubes) surveys, numerical model outputs, point-like and diffuse object catalogues and allows for retrieval of all the available datasets as well as cutouts and some merging capabilities on adjacent datasets. Finally, it is integrated with the CAESAR source finder through its REST-API interface allowing users to submit and manage source extraction jobs from within the tool.
We ported on the GPU with CUDA the Gaia Astrometric Verification Unit-Global Sphere Reconstruction (AVU-GSR) Parallel Solver. The code aims to find the astrometric parameters of ~10^8 stars, the attitude and the instrumental settings of the Gaia satellite, and the global parameter 𝛾 of the PPN formalism, by solving a system of linear equations, 𝐀 × 𝒙=𝒃, with the LSQR iterative algorithm. The coefficient matrix 𝐀 is large, having ~10^11×10^8 elements, and sparse. The CUDA code accelerates ~10 times compared to the current version of the AVU-GSR code, parallelized on the CPU with MPI+OpenMP and in production since 2014. We obtained this result by running the two codes on the CINECA supercomputer Marconi100, that has 4 V100 GPUs per node. This analysis represents a first step to understand the exascale behaviour of a class of applications that follow the same structure of this code, employed in several contexts. In the next months, we plan to run this code on the pre-exascale platform Leonardo of CINECA, to better investigate this behaviour. Computing on highly parallel devices, such as GPUs, might imply the achievement of a Green Computing milestone. In our study, we aim to evaluate how much power we can save with the CUDA code compared to the original code due to a ~10 times acceleration.
The DISCOS (Development of Italian Single-dish COntrol Software) project has been engaged for years in the design and development of software for the operation of INAF radio telescopes(Medicina, Noto and SRT). Our software is produced with the aim of being common to the three antennas, thus optimizing resources and ensuring reliability, maturity and durability over time. The DISCOS architecture is based on a distributed, component/container paradigm, aimed at implementing the high-level and complex logics in the common codebase and delegating the device and hardware control to the peripheral, station-related components. Development and maintenance is a continuous process which is carried over trying to follow the state-of-the-art software methodologies (TDD, Continuous Integration on simulated environments and automatic provisioning). The common infrastructure created by DISCOS allows, also, to optimize the resources used for maintenance, operations and development and also improves the accessibility of the facilities as it guarantees common user interfaces, tools, procedures, data formats, documentation and training.
LOFAR (Low Frequency Array) is an international telescope, designed and built by ASTRON (Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy), which is devoted to the global astronomical community and managed by the International LOFAR Telescope (ILT) foundation. The project LOFAR 2.0 has involved, among new changes and challenges, in the design and implementation of the TMSS (Telescope Manager Specification System) project, which supplies one interface and an integrated process for specification, scheduling and reporting, with data flow enhancements, that improve the efficiency and automation of LOFAR operations. From a pragmatic perspective, TMSS can be seen as a user who proposes specifications to LOFAR observations and receives results for such operations. We present the architecture of TMSS, composed of data specification, dynamic scheduling, workflows and reporting, and its main features among which a new frontend interface for users and a new backend to interact and integrate within other LOFAR components. Regarding the software system, state-of-the-art Web technologies are adopted for the implementation of the frontend and backend, that are, respectively, the Prime React framework and the DRF (Django Rest Framework). The main Django application is further enriched by various microservices communicating with each other and with the application itself. The development process is supported by using a Gitlab pipeline that ensures CI/CD practices and QA thanks to a comprehensive test coverage, which is composed of unit tests, integration tests and regression tests. The TMSS project also embraces the Scrum AGILE methodology in order to take advantage of benefits such as quickly adapting changes, including feedback from customers and stakeholders, and delivery throughout the development process.
The ASTRI Mini-Array is a project for the Cherenkov astronomy in the TeV energy range. ASTRI Mini-Array consists of nine Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes located at the Teide Observatory. Large volumes of monitoring and logging data result from the operation of a large-scale astrophysical observatory. We present the logging, monitoring, and alarm system for the ASTRI Mini-Array aimed at supporting the analysis of scientific data and improving the operational activities of the telescope facility. A particular relevance has been given to satisfying the reliability, availability, scalability, and maintainability requirements of all the array sub-systems and auxiliary devices.
An Array of Cherenkov Telescopes is equipped with a multitude of sensors spread all over the instrumentation and collects a large volume of housekeeping and auxiliary data coming from telescopes, weather stations and other devices in the array site. In this poster we will present how we intend to exploit the sensor’s information to perform predictive maintenance (PdM) using with the most advanced artificial intelligence algorithms. This technique will be useful to detect in advance the remaining useful life of the array components, and to estimate the correct timing for performing their maintenance. The application of PdM will allow to minimize the array downtime, to increase the telescopes sub-components longevity, and to reduce the costs due to unforeseen maintenance. Our model used a time series data coming from several different sensors (temperature, current, torque, etc.) dedicated to monitoring several mechanical components of the telescopes (engines, cameras, encoders, etc.). The adopted unsupervised machine learning approach will allow us to perform the correct trade-off between preventive and corrective maintenance.
The management of the Sardinia Radio Telescope requires a stable and flexible ICT infrastructure, depending on the needs. The SRT site is a remote place not covered by landlines or mobile phones, with staff people usually shared between Cagliari Observatory and SRT. Furthermore, support during observations and maintenance operations can be required. In addition, the staff has to know the status of devices in real time to guarantee normal operations and safety of the whole infrastructure. This has forced us to build a solid monitoring pipeline over network and reliable procedures for remote working. We will show some example of integration between open source tools, giving the SRT staff a continuous overview of the devices hosted in data center and allowing remote maintenance and support during observations.
Authors: V. Fioretti, A. Bulgarelli, R. Campana, M. Cappi, M. Dadina, A. Di Marco, S. Ettori, F. Gastaldello, G. Lanzuisi, S. Lotti, C. Macculi, T. Mineo, S. Molendi, L. Piro
Abstract: Geant4 is an open-source toolkit library for Monte Carlo particle transport simulations at high energies (from few eV), developed by CERN and maintained by a large, international collaboration. Thanks to its ability to build a 3D mass model of the instrumentation and simulate the transport of particles through matter, with a variety of physics interaction libraries to choose from, Geant4 is now a widely used simulation software for the design, verification and calibration of high energy space-borne instrumentation and on-ground experiments. INAF has become a leading institute for developing Geant4 applications for the X-ray and Gamma-ray background simulation, instrument response definition, shielding optimisation and performance characterisation of high energy missions and instruments. INAF coordinates the background simulation activities for both the Athena instrument international consortia, the Athena magnetic diverter simulation group, the THESEUS XGIS and HERMES instrument background, response matrix and sensitivity simulation and the simulation of the IXPE and eXTP background. INAF has also led the ESA funded projects AREMBES and EXACRAD for the X-ray radiation effect analysis and minimisation of the Athena mission, and INAF researchers are coordinating Geant4 simulations activities within the European HORIZON2020 AHEAD2020 project and contributing to the simulations of either accepted or under proposal COSI, XRISM, ASTROGAM, and STACEX projects. We present here some examples of the INAF's central role in the development of Geant4 applications, also to highlight the coordination among the several contributing institutes (OAS, IAPS, IASF-Mi, IASF-Pa) as the critical factor in helping share internal knowledge and boost the scientific results.