Conveners
Space weather and the solar-heliospheric connections
- Jasmina Magdalenic (KU Leuven)
Space weather and the solar-heliospheric connections
- Lucia Abbo (Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF))
This review talk covers the solar-terrestrial connection, especially from the perspective of space weather modelling and forecasting.
Firstly, we give an overview of the effects of space weather and provide examples of their economic, political, and societal costs. This is followed up by a review of the current state-of-the-art operational space weather forecasting and nowcasting tools,...
The EUropean Heliospheric FORecasting Information Asset (EUHFORIA, Pomoell and Poedts, 2018), a physics-based and data-driven heliospheric and CME propagation model, can predict the solar wind plasma and magnetic field conditions at Earth. It contains several flux-rope CME models, such as the simple spheromak and more advanced FRi3D and toroidal CME models. This enables the prediction of the...
With March 2022 we entered a new era of complex solar eruptions in the wake of solar cycle 25. Several of these so-called Big Solar Storms were observed in the past years in remote sensing image data and measured in-situ. Some of them even caused aurorae in low latitudes, repeatedly confirming that the interaction between multiple CMEs, as well as CIRs, lead to extreme conditions in near-Earth...
The open flux problem is currently an unsolved mystery, representing a 2-3 factor mismatch between the open flux measured at 1 AU and that via remote sensing of the solar atmosphere and extrapolated to 1 AU. One explanation is that the open flux at the photosphere is underestimated, in particular in the polar regions. Until now it was impossible to test this with observations: the Polarimetric...
One of the main goals of heliospheric physics is to gain a complete picture of the dynamic processes occurring in the solar atmosphere and how these influence the inner heliosphere. Missions such as ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter, which couples unprecedented, close-up views of the solar atmosphere to solar wind measurements in the inner heliosphere, provide invaluable insights into the sources,...
The solar wind streams from compact sources at or near the Sun, accelerates across the low solar corona, and expands into the whole interplanetary space. The physical properties of any wind streams thus reflect the characteristics of their source regions and those of the extended zones of the corona they cross, and are affected by the time-varying strength and geometry of the global background...
Shocks driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most relevant accelerators of solar energetic particles (SEPs) in the inner heliosphere. SEPs are of great scientific interest because they represent a natural hazard in the near-Earth environment, from the instruments on board spacecraft to the electricity networks and astronauts' lives. In this study, we aim at analyzing CME-driven...
A large discrepancy between modelling results and in-situ observations by Parker Solar Probe (PSP) was observed while modelling of solar wind using the 3D MHD model EUHFORIA (Pomoell & Poedts, 2018) at near the Sun distances. The default coronal model used in EUHFORIA consists of potential field source surface extrapolation (PFSS), Schatten current sheet (SCS) model and semi-empirical WSA...
Global models of the solar coronal magnetic field are an essential tool for assessing the global-scale magnetic environment of the corona and its connectivity to the heliosphere. In particular, the Potential Field Source Surface (PFSS) model continues to be a frequently and widely adopted tool in the community despite several well-known deficiencies of the model. For instance, regions of open...
