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12/06/2023, 13:30
Introductory speech
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12/06/2023, 13:35
I will present the status of the radio astronomical facilities in Italy and the future perspectives for observations at high frequencies.
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12/06/2023, 13:50
In this talk, an overview of ALMA will be provided, with updates and explanation of the new capabilities
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12/06/2023, 14:00
The Interstellar Medium (ISM) is of crucial importance for the formation and evolution of galaxies. It is in the environment from which stars are formed, the reservoir that fuels galaxy growth via star formation, the repository of material formed by stars, and a main tracer of internal and external processes affecting whole galaxies (e.g., AGN activity, galaxy interaction). For these reasons,...
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12/06/2023, 14:30
The relation between the molecular gas content and the dust screen surrounding HII regions is a powerful tool for galaxy evolution studies. In this talk, I will show how to explore such relation on a sample of 46 nearby galaxies in the framework of the ALMaQUEST (ALMA-MaNGA QUEnching and STar formation) survey, combining new CO(1-0) maps with kpc resolution from ALMA observations with IFU...
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12/06/2023, 14:50
In this work, we extend the "classical" study of the fundamental properties of galaxies tracing the cycle of star formation (SF), star formation rate (SFR), molecular gas mass (MH2) and stellar mass (M_star), by investigating the role of two more fundamental components of the interstellar medium (ISM): dust and atomic gas. We extensively investigate the scaling relations among the galaxy...
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12/06/2023, 15:10
The Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) of galaxies in the mm-to-cm spectral window is the result of emission from cold dust grains, free-free, and synchrotron radiation. A multi-wavelength coverage of this range allows to disentangle the different contribution of these components, offering the possibility to investigate on the validity of current dust models and to estimate the star-formation...
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12/06/2023, 15:30
Cross-population radio galaxies (FRII-LERG, i.e., powerful radio sources with an inefficient engine) are a powerful tool to investigate the long-standing relation between accretion and ejection. Indeed, they break the classical one-to-one correspondence between accretion mode and radio morphology by separating the effects of optical and radio classifications. To shed light on the nature of...
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12/06/2023, 15:31
High-mass stars dominate the kinematics and energetics of the interstellar medium, and yet their initial stages are poorly known. In fact, high-mass stars are born in crowded, dense, and distant environments (infrared dark clouds) that pose significant observational challenges. In this work, we use a combination of several ALMA datasets to investigate the properties of the high-mass clump...
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12/06/2023, 15:32
The Pipe Nebula and Barnard 59 The Pipe Nebula is one of the closest known star-forming regions, with a distance of d = 163 pc (Dzib et al. 2018). The Pipe cloud has a very low rate of star formation. Indeed, only one active star-forming clump, Barnard 59 (B59), has been found in the cloud (Brooke et al. 2007; Forbrich et al. 2009, 2010). Alves et al. (2008) and Franco et al. ...
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12/06/2023, 15:33
Pictor A is one of the brightest and most extended radio sources of the Southern Hemisphere. Its distinctive FRII morphology is characterized by two hotspot complexes, each at the edge of a diffuse and roundish lobe: the Western one, i.e. the brightest, shows a more standard morphology, dominated by a compact feature preceded by a filamentary structure orthogonal to the jet direction, while...
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12/06/2023, 15:34
Since the first (sub)mm observations, it has been clear that the cosmic census of high-z galaxies based on deep optical/NIR surveys is far from complete. The ”darkest galaxies”, in which significant amounts of dust absorb the stellar emission, are in fact missed by these surveys, even though their contribution to the cosmic Star Formation Rate Density and to the evolution of massive galaxies...
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12/06/2023, 15:35
Pyrrole (c-C4H4NH) is a five-membered heterocyclic ring with C2v point group symmetry. The microwave and millimetre wave spectra of pyrrole and its isotopologues have been investigated since 1952, however, to improve the model’s accuracy, we propose the laboratory search within the 60-78 GHz region in which no experimental data is available at present. The free-jet absorption millimetre wave...
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12/06/2023, 15:36
Cysteamine (NH2CH2CH2SH) is a molecule that is potentially of interest to astrobiology, but it has not yet been detected in the interstellar medium. Its rotational spectrum was investigated in the 18-40 GHz frequency region and two conformers and their vibrational satellites were characterized [1], but the sparse frequency coverage prevents their accurate predictions in higher frequency...
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12/06/2023, 15:37
In the context of star-formation the Rosetta-Stone project aims to investigate the star-forming mechanisms governing a sample of massive clumps. To reach our goal we focus on the properties of a sample of 13 sources at various evolutionary stages selected from the SQUALO project, an ALMA 1.3 mm survey. The physical properties of the fragments identified in these images such as their number,...
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12/06/2023, 15:38
In the interstellar and circumstellar medium, Silicon can be found in form of silicates in the core of dust grains surroaunding carbon stars; when the grains are destroyed it quickly reacts to form SiO and SiS. As today, among the 260 and more molecular species found in the interstellar medium, less than fifteen are silicon-based, so the research of molecules containing Silicon is crucial to...
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12/06/2023, 15:39
The Serendipitous H-ATLAS-field Observations of Radio Extragalactic Sorces (SHORES, PI: Massardi) is a 2GHz survey recently completed with ATCA for 30 fields (for a total coverage of 15deg2) centered on lensed galaxies in the H-ATLAS SGP region. The fields have been selected to be rich of ancillary data from mm to optical band. Our observations to a sensitivity <150ujy (down to 8ujy in our...
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12/06/2023, 15:40
The gaseous component of protoplanetary discs has traditionally been described as undergoing viscous accretion; this picture, however, is being challenged by the observational evidence of levels of turbulence in discs too low to account for the observed evolution. The alternative scenario of MHD disc winds is being explored as potentially able to reproduce the same observed evolutionary...
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12/06/2023, 16:10
The knowledge of magnetic field structure in the interstellar medium of galaxies is crucial to understand how magnetic fields influence gas dynamics and in particular their role in regulating star formation, driving galactic outflows and fuelling galactic nuclei. Given the multi-phase nature of the interstellar medium, the combination of different tracers is needed to get a complete picture....
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12/06/2023, 16:30
The molecular phase of the interstellar medium (ISM) is the birthplace of stars, hence it plays a central role in the evolution of galaxies. It is also one of the main sources of accretion and obscuration for active galactic nuclei (AGN). Stars and AGN, in turn, excite the molecular gas in galaxies in a feedback process. I will present how we can study the AGN feedback at mm/sub-mm wavelengths...
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12/06/2023, 16:50
The unprecedented resolution and sensitivity provided by ALMA have opened up a new era in the study of massive early-type galaxies (ETGs) at low redshifts (z<0.1), enabling us to resolve the key scales over which the feeding and energetic output of their central super-massive black holes (SMBHs) operate, and thus uncovering a number of physical phenomena (e.g. nuclear bars, massive cold gas...
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12/06/2023, 17:10
In this talk I will discuss the physics of the multiphase gas in local active galaxies and the impact of the Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) on the host galaxy evolution. AGNs can generate winds and jets that interact with the host galaxy interstellar medium (ISM), potentially altering both the star formation and the nuclear gas accretion. I will focus on the cold molecular and warm ionized...
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12/06/2023, 17:30
In the ALMA 2030 development roadmap a crucial role is assigned to the evolution of the ALMA Science Archive to improve the user experience and maximize the scientific exploitation of ALMA data. To date, the Archive accounts for 10 cycles of data summing up to 1.4 PB of raw data and images representative of the data content that cover all the possible science categories from solar observations...
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12/06/2023, 17:50
I will summarise recent and ongoing research highlights from the ALPINE survey, an ALMA large program that observed dust continuum and [CII] emission in a statistical sample of normal star-forming galaxies at z=4–6, highlighting their significance to our understanding of early galaxy evolution. Combined with ancillary data at UV through near-IR wavelengths, ALPINE provides the currently...
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20. Maris Assimo - Paleo-spectroscopy: retrieve and complement past data for radioastronomy searches12/06/2023, 18:15
A plethora of microwave and millimetre wave molecular spectroscopy data are available to the radioastronomy community. However, some of it was collected several decades ago and its modelling is sometimes obsolete. Moreover, instrumental advances allow complementing the data with new measurements that extend the investigated frequency ranges and improve the quality of the spectral predictions....
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13/06/2023, 09:00
Protoplanetary disks set the initial composition of future planetary systems. Comparing the chemistry of disks to the compositions of exoplanet atmospheres - a major priority for current space missions - informs our understanding of the planet-formation process. ALMA's unmatched capabilities have enabled huge advances in our view of disk chemistry, but our most studied systems are not...
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13/06/2023, 09:25
The HL Tau young system includes the iconic ringed disk revealed by the first ALMA images, but also powerful outflows, in the form of a collimated atomic jet, a wide angle H2 wind and a conical CO outflow. During the recent ALMA-DOT campaign, conducted at 0.”25 resolution, we found that the CO outflow shows a peculiar substructure in the velocity channel maps, consistent with a flow...
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13/06/2023, 09:45
The early stages of the formation of a planetary system are represented by Solar-type protostars. Recent research suggests planet formation may begin already at these stages. Thus, the chemical content of protostars can be directly linked to what future forming planets can inherit. However, protostars are far to be fully chemically characterized. Indeed, among various protostars, a chemical...
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13/06/2023, 10:05
The large variety of observed planetary systems is rooted in the complex physical and chemical processes that lead to their formation. In the last few years, great observational and theoretical developments have dramatically improved our understanding of how forming planets are affected by and interact with their birth environments, the protoplanetary disks. In this talk, I will focus on...
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13/06/2023, 10:30
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13/06/2023, 11:30
The pulsed radio emission from the neutron stars has usually a steep spectrum, thus making difficult their investigation in the mm band. However, the availability of new instrumentation is opening new perspectives in the field, hopefully allowing us to address some long standing and still unanswered questions in the field of the emission processes from a neutron star magnetosphere. In...
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13/06/2023, 11:55
Astrochemistry of Galactic regions is living a golden age. More specifically, the study of theso-called interstellar Complex Organic Molecules (iCOMs, mainly O-bearing species with at least 6atoms), considered the simplest bricks needed to have pre-biotic environments, has benefited ofrecent improvements of observational tools. On the one hand, single-dish spectral surveys withtelescopes...
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13/06/2023, 12:25
Low-energy cosmic rays (<1 TeV) are a pivotal source of ionisation of the interstellar medium, where they play a central role in determining the chemical gas composition and, in turn, in influencing the formation of stars and planets. Observations of H$_3^+$ absorption lines in diffuse clouds -- n(H$_2$)~10$^2$ cm$^{-3}$ -- have been used for decades to provide reliable estimates of the cosmic...
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13/06/2023, 12:45
Estimates of volume densities (n_H2) are still very uncertain, despite being fundamental to determine the stability of molecular condensations on all scales, from clouds to cores, to protostellar- and protoplanetary disks, their energy balance, and their chemical evolution. While in principle it is easy to use molecular emission to infer the density of the emitting gas, in practice these...
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13/06/2023, 14:00
The process of star formation is governed by the interplay of often competing physical agents such as gravity, turbulence, magnetic fields, and radiation. The ISM is organized in a hierarchy of scales, that connect the disk of the Milky Way as a whole, through filamentary atomic/molecular star-forming clouds to dense and fragmenting clumps, and eventually to cores and protoplanetary disks. At...
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13/06/2023, 14:30
I will present the Forgotten Quadrant Survey (FQS), a project that used 700 hr of the 12m antenna at the Arizona Radio Observatory to map a strip of the Milky Way plane in the range 220°<l<240° and -2.5°<b<0°, both in 12CO and 13CO (1–0). These data show how the molecular dense gas is organised at different spatial scales: from the spiral arms, traced by the giant clouds with their denser...
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13/06/2023, 14:50
The formation mechanism of the most massive stars is far from completely understood. It is still unclear if the formation is core-fed or clump-fed, i.e. if the process is an extension of what happens in low-mass stars, or if the process is more dynamical such as a continuous, multiscale accretion from the gas at parsec (or even larger) scales. In this context I will present the results...
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13/06/2023, 15:10
High latitude molecular clouds (HLMC) with no evidence of star formation and generally clear line of sight are the among the best sites to study the dynamics of the the Cold Neutral Medium (CNM) because of the high spatial sampling offered by their proximity. We focus on MBM 40, a non-star forming diffuse cloud, highlighting principal results using a variety of molecular transitions observed...
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13/06/2023, 16:00
A large fraction of stars forms in clusters which also include high-mass stars (Mstar ≥ 8 Msun). Yet the physical mechanisms regulating the fragmentation of dense molecular clumps into star-forming cores and its outcome are still under debate. Millimeter/sub-millimeter wavelength observations are ideal probes for this investigation. The ALMAGAL large project survey offers the possibility to...
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13/06/2023, 16:20
G11.92-0.61 MM1 is considered to be one of the best known examples of a forming proto-O star, with an accretion disk and outflow marked by various tracers. However, the more detailed structure of the region remains unclear. A comparison of the molecular line and water maser data reveals disparity in their velocity patterns, which can be explained either by the presence of a disk wind or by the...
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13/06/2023, 16:40
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13/06/2023, 17:10
The analysis of the line emission at millimeter wavelengths is a powerful tool for studying the kinematic and thermal conditions of the gas in star-forming regions. However, the question of how well different species trace the emission of dust in the continuum at various scales has been addressed in the literature either by comparing the region of emission of the different lines with the...
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13/06/2023, 17:30
UMLAUT (Unbiased Machine Learning Algorithm Using Topology) is a versatile machine learning algorithm initially developed as a variant of the highly efficient K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm, known for its effectiveness in handling large datasets. While originally designed for the automatic classification of single emission lines, UMLAUT possesses remarkable potential that extends far...
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14/06/2023, 09:00
One of the major surprises provided by the first months of early Universe observations by JWST has been the detection of a stunning overabundance of luminous, and likely massive, galaxies at redshift z>10. As the first spectroscopic confirmations are accumulating, it is crucial and timely to investigate these important and yet unknown aspects of early galaxy formation and evolution. At a time...
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14/06/2023, 09:30
Quasars at cosmic dawn (z>6) are some of the most active sources in the early Universe. The rapid accretion of gas onto the already assembled massive black holes (~1e9 Msun) and the intense consumption of gas through rapid star formation release enormous amount of energy onto the interstellar medium, setting up unique conditions that are not present in the local Universe. Multi-line studies of...
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14/06/2023, 09:50
The recent ALMA large program REBELS has provided us with the first statistical sample of dusty galaxies at the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Despite REBELS sources being selected as UV bright, we found that some are strongly dust-obscured (obscured SFR \sim 90% ) and surprisingly dust-rich (Md/Mstar \sim 1e-2). These results have led us to question whether short-lived Supernovae alone are...
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14/06/2023, 10:10
Cluster galaxies are subject to the ram pressure exerted by the intracluster medium, which can perturb or even strip away their gas while leaving the stars undisturbed. Interestingly, both observational and numerical studies find that the ram pressure, by compressing the gas disc, may drive gas inflows towards the galaxy center, possibly feeding the black hole activity. We study the...
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14/06/2023, 10:30
The most massive galaxies were the first to shut off their star formation, turning into quiescent systems when the universe was still young. This quenching process is still poorly understood, and to make progress it is crucial to study the role played by cold gas. I will present two different ways in which this can be done. Using millimetric observations with NOEMA, we detected CO line...
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14/06/2023, 11:25
Large scale outflows are believed to be an important mechanism in the evolution of galaxies, as they can both suppress and enhance star formation as well as eject gas from their host galaxies and mix the pristine gas from the intergalactic medium and processed material from the galaxy in the circum-galactic medium (CGM). We can study the impact of these large-scale outflows either by tracing...
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14/06/2023, 11:45
High-resolution ALMA observations have opened a new window to study galaxy dynamics at z>1 using cold gas tracers, such as CO, [CI], and [CII] emission lines. In this talk, I will present in-depth studies of individual galaxies at z=1-5 with ALMA data at angular resolutions between 0.05"-0.5". In such galaxies, the cold gas forms dynamically-cold rotation-supported disks with high...
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14/06/2023, 12:05
MmVLBI has revolutionised our view of black holes and have provided some of the most striking, high resolution images obtained by mmVLBI, like the first images of a supermassive black hole obtained by the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration (EHTC). But beyond these two best studied targets, M87 and SgrA*, the EHTC has been exploring a variety of nearby AGN allowing to study different local...
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14/06/2023, 12:30
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14/06/2023, 14:00
A key issue in galaxy formation and evolution is to deepen our understanding of the complex (astro)physical processes that govern the properties of galaxies on different spatial and time scales. One powerful method for achieving this task is to model the spectral energy distribution (SED) observed from galaxies at different stages of their evolution along cosmic history. To this purpose, we...
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14/06/2023, 14:20
The peak of galactic star formation occurs between a redshift of 1-3. Galaxies at these redshifts are shown to be dominated by irregular clumpy morphologies. These clumps are suggested to be starbursting and are thought to play a significant role in the growth of the bulge and subsequent evolution of the galaxy itself. Despite being observed in bright UV wavelengths and optical...
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14/06/2023, 14:40
We report ALMA high-resolution observations of water emission lines $p-{\rm{H_2O}} (2_{02}-1_{11}$), $o-{\rm{H_2O}} (3_{21}-3_{12})$, $p-{\rm{H_2O}} (4_{22}-4_{13})$, in the strongly lensed galaxy HATLASJ113526.2-01460 at redshift z $\sim$ 3.1. From the lensing-reconstructed maps of water emission and line profiles, we infer the general physical properties of the ISM in the molecular clouds...
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14/06/2023, 15:00
The discovery of dust-enshrouded star-forming galaxies in the early Universe has opened new questions in understanding the formation and evolution of galaxies through cosmic times. With the breakthrough in sub millimeter astronomy spearheaded by facilities like Atacama large millimeter/sub-millimeter array, a large diversity in the population of dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFG) has been...
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14/06/2023, 15:20
Co-evolutionary models between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies predict that processes in the early stages of galaxy formation, such as nuclear activity and star formation, are strictly related and coordinated in time. Dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) are ideal laboratories to test this scenario, as they constitute the bulk population at the peak of cosmic star formation,...
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14/06/2023, 16:10
We study the emission of the [CII]158 𝜇m from the gas sourrounding merging systems at 4 ≤ z ≤ 6 (post Reionization Epoch), when galaxies rapidly assembled their masses and reached their chemical maturity. It has now become clear that galaxies are complex ecosystems, continuously exchanging material with the surrounding environment, and understanding the physical mechanisms that drive galaxy...
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14/06/2023, 16:30
Primeval galaxies are supposed to be subjected to galaxy-galaxy interactions, merging processes, gravitational instabilities, and feedback from both bursts of star formation and active galactic nuclei that may have an impact on the formation of the galactic disks and their properties. Therefore, exploring the kinematical properties of galaxies is fundamental to understanding what are the main...
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14/06/2023, 16:50
Until now, direct observations of the intracluster medium (ICM) have been limited only to mature clusters in the latter three-quarters of the history of the Universe, and we have been lacking a direct view of the hot, thermalised cluster atmosphere beyond z~2, the epoch when the first massive clusters formed. Probing the thermal evolution of cosmic structures through z~2 — the epoch when...
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14/06/2023, 17:10
JWST's ability to observe in the infrared range has pushed the limit of galaxy redshift to greater than 10. The first data release has led to the discovery of over a hundred candidate galaxies at z > 11. Some of these candidates have been identified as being heavily extinguished and feature mature stellar populations; whereas other candidates, dubbed "blue monsters", are bright and dust-free...
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14/06/2023, 17:30
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